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(Ramesh Chand Nagarwal)

Mr. Ramesh Chand Nagarwal, Senior Research Fellow, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, IT-BHU presented his research Paper on “Chitosan Coated Sodium alginate Nanoparticles for Ophthalmic Delivery” in AAPS National Biotechnology Conference, held from 16-19 May 2010 at San Francisco, California, USA.

Financial assistance was given by CSIR (Council of Scientific and Industrial Research) and BHU. He also received travel award from the AAPS Formulation Design and Development Section to attend the conference.

Currently, Ramesh is perusing PhD in the field of Nanoparticulate systems for Ophthalmic Delivery under the supervision Prof. J. K. Pandit. In December 3-6, 2009, he has also presented his research paper on “5-FU loaded PLA nanoparticles for topical treatment of conjunctival/corneal squamous cell carcinoma”, in the 8^th International Symposium on Ocular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, held at Rome, Italy.

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About authors:

*Ramesh Chand Nagarwal

Research Scholar, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, IT-BHU

Email: rcnagarwal.rs.phe@itbhu.ac.in, ramesh_itbhu79@yahoo.co.in

*Prof. J. K. Pandit

Professor, Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, IT-BHU

Email: jkpandit@bhu.ac.in, dr.jkpandit@gmail.com

Background of research (by Ramesh Chand Nagarwal):

Drug loaded polymeric nanoparticles (DNPs) offer several favorable biological properties, such as biodegradability, nontoxicity, biocompatibility and mucoadhesiveness. Various efforts in ophthalmic drug delivery have been made to improve the bioavailability and to prolong the residence time of drugs applied topically onto the eye. These submicron particles are better than conventional ophthalmic dosage forms to enhance bioavailability without blurring the vision. Based on this concept, the chitosan coated and polylactic acid loaded 5-FU were fabricated by simple techniques with better physical stability for the treatment of conjunctival/corneal squamous cell carcinoma in the eye.  This unique combination of properties makes DNPs a novel polymeric drug delivery device, which fulfils the requirements for ophthalmic application.

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Educational Background of Ramesh Chand Nagarwal

2007-Present: Ph.D. pursuing (Pharmaceutics), Department of Pharmaceutics, IT, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, U.P, India

2004-2006: M. Pham (Pharmaceutics), Department of Pharmaceutics, IT, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, India

1999-2004: B. Pharm., Lachoo Memorial College of Science & Technology, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India.

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http://www.aapsj.org/abstracts/NBC_2010/NBC10-000284.PDF

Chitosan Coated Sodium alginate Nanoparticles for Ophthalmic Delivery

Purpose

The objective of the investigation was to develop sodium alginate (SA) nanoparticles loaded 5-FU (SA-DNPs) for ophthalmic delivery.

Methods

Nanoparticles were prepared by gelation technique. Briefly, Chitosan solution (CH) (0.05 to 0.1 %w/v) was added to SA solution (0.03 to 0.05% w/v) containing 5-FU followed by stirring for 30 min. The opalescent dispersion was stored overnight and separated by cooling centrifugation; final pellet was redispersed in CH and stirred for 30 min, re-centrifuged and lyophilized. DNPs were characterized by dynamic light scattering, scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, and Zeta potential. The encapsulation efficiency and loading capacity of DNPs were analyzed by UV & HPLC methods. The in-vitro release of SA-DNPs was studied by dialysis membrane method. Ocular tolerability was tested by HETCEM method. Effect of pH, mass ratio of SA/CH and size of DNPs on stability of colloidal system were studied.

Results

The size and drug encapsulation efficiency were dependent on molar ratio of SA and CH. Stability of the colloidal system was influenced by size and Zeta potential of DNPs. The size range 400 to 600 nm of SA-DNPs and zeta potential was increased by coating with chitosan that is desirable to increase the stability of the colloidal system. The 5-FU loaded SADNPs presented a sustained release of 5-FU compared to the 5-FU solution. SA-DNPs were shown to be non-irritant by HET-CAM test. The result obtained in this study suggests that 5-FU loaded nanoparticles could be further evaluated for pharmacokinetic study in rabbit eye.

Conclusion

SA-DNPs were prepared and characterized. Results showed sustained release of 5-FU from nanoparticles, and optimum size and zeta potential were appropriate for the stability of nanosuspension. Ocular administration of 5-FU in the form of mucoadhesive SA-DNPs can be expected to increase the time of drug residence on the eye surface, increasing drug bioavailability and prolonging the pharmacological effect. These SA-DNPs may be effective in eradicating conjunctival/corneal squamous cell carcinoma by topical chemotherapy.

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About AAPS Journal

http://www.aapsj.org/

About The AAPS Journal

The AAPS Journal (ISSN 1550-7416) is an online-only journal publishing peer-reviewed scholarly reviews, themed issues and research articles within the entire scope of the pharmaceutical sciences encompassed by the AAPS membership. The Journal particularly aims to foster the dissemination of scientific information presented at AAPS-sponsored meetings, workshops and symposia, through the publication of invited reviews in themed issues. Additionally, guest editors are invited to organize special themed issues on scientific subjects of current interest. Submission of uninvited expert reviews and research articles in all areas of pharmaceutical sciences are welcomed, although manuscripts focused on pharmaceutical formulation, technology and engineering should be directed to our sister e-journal, AAPS PharmSciTech. The Journal is indexed by PubMed/Medline, Index Medicus, Institute of Scientific Information's Science Citation Index and Chem Abstracts.

Editor-in-Chief, Ho-Leung Fung, Ph.D., oversees an international editorial board of leading researchers in the pharmaceutical sciences. Dr. Fung is Professor of Pharmaceutical Sciences at the University at Buffalo, The State University of New York.

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About AAPS

American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists

http://www.aaps.org/index.asp

AAPS Pharmaceutica is the web portal for the American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists, a professional, scientific society of more than 12,000 members employed in academia, industry, government and other research institutes worldwide. Founded in 1986, AAPS provides a dynamic international forum for the exchange of knowledge among scientists to enhance their contributions to public health. AAPS offers timely scientific programs, on-going education, information resources, opportunities for networking, and professional development.

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About AAPS FDD (Formulation design and Development section)

http://www.aapspharmaceutica.com/inside/sections/fdd/index.asp 1

The Formulation Design & Development Section is comprised of members from many diverse backgrounds in industry, regulatory and academia who share a common interest in the area of formulation design, research and development - a multidisciplinary field drawing upon the physical, chemical, biological and engineering sciences. The primary goal of this section is to unite multiple scientific disciplines in a forum where they can share experimental results, consider new formulation and dosage form technologies, and discuss issues and concerns regarding the design and development of formulations/drug products for all dosage forms. This Section collaboratively interfaces with other sections which focus on pre-formulation, biopharmaceutics, formulation strategies, and manufacturing process optimization.

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Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Govt. of India

http://rdpp.csir.res.in/csir_acsir/Home.aspx

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Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, Institute of technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India

http://itbhu.ac.in/phe/

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